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He was contented to leave Elam to itself for the moment, as he was disquieted at the turn affairs were taking in Arabia. The tribes of Arabia had become as base idolaters as the Canaanites.

There are strange sounds heard proceeding from a hill in Arabia , and various travellers set themselves to describe them. The story of mission work in Arabia is not very long, but it is full of interest.

About 1,, sq. A protagonist is the main character of a story, or the lead. Also called Arabian Peninsula. In the modern era, the term bilad al-Yaman came to refer specifically to the southwestern parts of the peninsula.

Arab geographers started to refer to the whole peninsula as 'jazirat al-Arab', or the peninsula of the Arabs. In the beginning of the 20th century, the Ottomans embarked on an ambitious project: the construction of a railway connecting Istanbul , the capital of the Ottoman Empire and the seat of the Islamic Caliphate , and Hejaz with its holiest shrines of Islam which are the yearly pilgrimage destination of the Hajj.

Another important goal was to improve the economic and political integration of the distant Arabian provinces into the Ottoman state, and to facilitate the transportation of military troops in case of need.

It was originally planned to reach the holy city of Mecca , but due to the interruption of the construction works caused by the outbreak of World War I, it eventually only reached Medina.

The railway was started in at the behest of the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II and was built largely by the Turks , with German advice and support.

A public subscription was opened throughout the Islamic world to fund the construction. The railway was to be a waqf , an inalienable religious endowment or charitable trust.

The major developments of the early 20th century were the Arab Revolt during World War I and the subsequent collapse and partitioning of the Ottoman Empire.

The Arab Revolt — was initiated by the Sherif Hussein ibn Ali with the aim of securing independence from the ruling Ottoman Empire and creating a single unified Arab state spanning from Aleppo in Syria to Aden in Yemen.

In , Ibn Saud had captured Riyadh. The Saudis absorbed the Emirate of Asir , with their expansion only ending in after a war with Yemen. Two Saudi states were formed and controlled much of Arabia before Ibn Saud was even born.

Ibn Saud, however, established the third Saudi state. The second major development has been the discovery of vast reserves of oil in the s.

Its production brought great wealth to all countries of the region, with the exception of Yemen. The Imam escaped to the Saudi Arabian border and rallied popular support.

The royalist side received support from Saudi Arabia, while the republicans were supported by Egypt and the Soviet Union. Both foreign irregular and conventional forces were also involved.

The Egyptian President , Gamal Abdel Nasser , supported the republicans with as many as 70, troops. Despite several military moves and peace conferences, the war sank into a stalemate.

Egypt's commitment to the war is considered to have been detrimental to its performance in the Six-Day War of June , after which Nasser found it increasingly difficult to maintain his army's involvement and began to pull his forces out of Yemen.

By , King Faisal of Saudi Arabia recognized the republic and a truce was signed. Egyptian military historians refer to the war in Yemen as their Vietnam.

In , Iraq invaded Kuwait. Displays of support for Iraq by Jordan and Palestine resulted in strained relations between many of the Arab states.

After the war, a so-called "Damascus Declaration" formalized an alliance for future joint Arab defensive actions between Egypt, Syria, and the GCC member states.

The Arab Spring reached Yemen in January People of Yemen took to the street demonstrating against three decades of rule by President Ali Abdullah Saleh.

After numerous attempt Saleh accepted the Gulf Cooperation Council mediation. He eventually handed power to Vice President Hadi.

He was sworn in as President of Yemen on 25 February He launched a national dialogue to address new constitution, political and social issues.

Saudi Arabia launched a military intervention in Yemen in March The extraction and refining of oil and gas are the major industrial activities in the Arabian Peninsula.

The region also has an active construction sector, with many cities reflecting the wealth generated by the oil industry. The service sector is dominated by financial and technical institutions, which, like the construction sector, mainly serve the oil industry.

Traditional handicrafts such as carpet-weaving are found in rural areas of Arabia. The old city of Sanaa , Yemen.

Peninsular Arabs trace their lineage to Qahtan , who was reportedly based in Yemen. A map of the peninsula made in by the German publisher Christoph Weigel.

North America. South America. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Large peninsula in Western Asia. For other uses, see Arabia disambiguation and Arabian disambiguation.

Not to be confused with Arabian Plate. See also: Geography of Saudi Arabia. AR-Arabian Plate, velocities with respect to Africa in millimeters per year.

Terraced fields in the Harazi subrange of the Sarawat Mountains in western Yemen. Hills and mountains on the Arabian Peninsula.

Jebel Akhdar [b] Jebel Shams H [c]. Jabal Al-Oraif [g]. Fifa Mountains Jebel Al-Qeher. Jabal Abu Hamdan Jabal Raum. Salma range Jabal Shammar.

Jabal Aja Jabal Al-Samra'? Jabal Tuwaiq? List of mountains in the United Arab Emirates. Jebel Al-Heben. List of volcanoes in Yemen. Jabal Ar-Rays?

Jabal Husn Ghuraf Jebel Shaqb? Note: Mountains are sorted in alphabetical order, unless where it concerns ranges.

The highest confirmed mountains in each country are indicated with 'HP', and those with the highest peak are indicated with 'HP', bearing in mind that in the UAE, the highest mountain and the mountain with the highest peak are different.

Main article: Arab etymology. Play media. Merriam Webster's Geographical Dictionary. Merriam-Webster Third ed.

Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia of World Geography. Infobase Publishing. Simon and Schuster. Retrieved Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research.

Bibcode : JVGR.. Alsharhan, Z. Rizk, A. Nairn [et al. Despite the political disunity of the past and the considerable variety of national experiences in the present, the Arabian Peninsula continues to share an underlying unity of environment, society, culture, and faith.

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